考研英语一:26考研英语阅读答案解析分享

今天给大家分享的是考研英语一:26考研英语阅读答案解析分享，真题可以帮助考生了解考试的具体题型，从而在复习过程中对不同题型进行有针对性的训练。如下信息供各位考生参考，希望能帮到各位考生。

考研英语一:26考研英语阅读答案解析分享

Text 4

The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement

costs. There are many reasons this formerly stable federal institution finds itself on the verge ofbankruptcy. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.

And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate overseer – Congress – insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.

Now comes word that everyone involved – Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system’s heaviest users – has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions.

If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the Senate – where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform. There’s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major omission considering that personnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturday letter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the 21st century.

36. The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by A.its unbalanced budget.

B. its rigid management.

C. the cost for technical upgrading.

D. the withdrawal of bank support.

37. According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to

A.the interference from interest groups.

B. the inadequate funding from Congress.

C. the shrinking demand for postal service.

D. the incompetence of postal unions.

38. The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed by

A.removing its burden of retiree health care.

B. making more investment in new vehicles.

C. adopting a new rate-increase mechanism.

D.attracting more first-class mail users.

39. In the last paragraph, the author seems to view legislators with

A.respect.

B.tolerance.

C.discontent.

D.gratitude.

40. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A.The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days

B. The Postal Service: Keep Away from My Cheese

C. The USPS: Chronic Illness Requires a Quick Cure

D. The Postal Service Needs More than a Band-Aid

Text 4

36. 【答案解析】正确答案是 B。细节题。根据题干信息定位到文章第一段，注意问的是主要原因(partly)。第一段第四句提到“破产原因有很多”。接着第五句以一个长难句指出“从根本上来讲，the USPS 处于历史性的压榨期，这里面就包括对于实用产品以及一类邮件需求量无限期减少而面临的技术改革，管理结构方面没能够灵活地将自己的生产模式适用到现实生活中”。由此可见，主要原因在于管理方面。因此 B 项为正确答案。句中的Fundamentally 与题干中的partly 属于同义替换。

37. 【答案解析】正确答案是 A。细节题。根据题干信息fail 以及modernize 定位到第二段最后一句。该句提到“这就是近些年来立法改革屡次失败的原因”，正是题干问的问题。上文提到利益集团，从邮政联盟，到贺卡制作公司，都对USPS 施加压力，强调无论发生什么，他们所依赖的现状都要得到保护。因此，利益集团的干预是改革失败的主要原因。故选A 项

38. 【 答案解析】 正确答案是 A 。 题目中出现了大写 USPS 以及具体信息

the long-standing complaint 等具体内容，可知本题目为具体细节题。我们需要根据题目中出现的关键词 complaint，USPS，union 等定位，可以发现本题目是对本篇文章第三段最后的一部分，最后一句话提到了 thus addressing a long-standing complaints by the USP S and its union，这是题目的原词。所以，答案就是前面的the latter step would ...offset th e financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care。另外，the latter step 也指上一句中的shifting postal retiree into Medicare。再对应选项，所以 A 是正确答案

39. 【答案解析】正确答案是C。题目中指出了the author 对legislator 的观点和看法是什么，与态度题相关，态度题一定要通过文中的相关词找到相应的倾向，判断好或者坏， 向上或者向下。根据题目中的关键信息 legislator 定位到最后一段倒数第二句话，该句在陈述完legislators 的内容后，下一句紧跟着一个词 however，明确指出了作者的倾向， 并且写到it is not a sign...，结合前后句的内容，可以得出作者的倾向是明确的负向色彩。选项中表示负面色彩的只有 C 项discontent。

40. 【答案解析】正确答案是D。该题目中的best title 为典型的文章主旨题。首先，我们可以通过题目中反复出现的内容来确定文章与什么样的主题相关，可以看出反复出现了USPS，也就是 U.S. Postal Service，并且反复出现了 problem，fail to do，address 等内容， 是有关问题以及解决办法之类的话题。再来看文章的首段和第二段内容，第一段就指出了U.S. Postal Service 在财务上的各种问题，并分析了三方面的原因，第二段就涉及到了很多的解决办法，并分析这些 attempt 的影响等具体内容。所以可以得出，正确答案为

[D] The Postal Service Needs More than a Band-Aid。

【全文翻译】

美国邮政总局继续处于亏损状态。它在报告中称，2016 财年的净损失为 56 亿美元， 连续十年入不敷出。与此同时，它还负担着 1200 多亿美元的无资金准备负债，主要用于员工的医疗费及退休金。美国邮政总局曾是稳固的联邦机构，如今却发现自己处于破产边缘，原因有很多。从根本上来说，美国邮政总局正在遭遇历史性的两头夹击的情况， 一方面技术革新导致对其核心产品(普通邮件业务)需求持续下降，另一方面监管架构使其管理缺乏变通，不能根据新的现实情况调整其运营方式。

小邮政工会到贺卡制造商等利益集团只顾一己私利，向美国邮政总局的最终监督机构——国会施加压力，他们坚持认为，不管邮政总局如何变革，他们获得利益的现状必须得到保护。这就是为什么最近几年改革立法付出的诸多努力都以失败告终，导致邮政总局无法支付巨额费用，只得推迟其重要的现代化进程。

现在，有消息称，当事各方——民主党、共和党、邮政总局、工会、和由政府无最庞大的用户——最终统一拟定计划修复邮政体系。众议院正在审议立法决议，该决议有望帮助美国邮政总局在未来五年节省约 286 亿美元的开支，这笔资金大部分可通过将每封信件的固定资费上调一美分和将邮政系统的退休员工转纳入老年医疗保障体系来获得。后面的这一举措将在很大程度上抵消每年预付退休人员医疗保健费用造成的经济负担，从而解决美国邮政总局及其工会抱怨已久的问题。

这一方案即使能够得到众议院的许可，仍然需要参议院的通过——肯定有议员指出，这一数额仅足以维持邮政总局正常运转，而非大刀阔斧的改革。

美国邮政总局劳资双方的集体谈判没有发生任何改变，鉴于人力成本占机构总成本的 80%，这是一项重大疏漏。此外，提案中丝毫未对取消周六信件投递业务进行讨论。停止周六派送信件这一讲究实际的改变享有广泛的公众支持，还将帮助美国邮政总局每年节省 20 亿美元。但是邮政服务业的各个特殊利益团体似乎已将其扼杀，至少众议院否定了这一提案。围绕该提案逐渐形成的共识表明，立法者担心美国邮政总局短期的经济崩溃会让他们在政治上为难。然而，这并不表明他们正在严肃对待邮政服务体系面向21 世纪的转型。

具体信息请考生关注院校官网等发布的官方消息。

考研英语一:26考研英语阅读答案解析分享是今天给大家带来的内容，做真题不仅可以检验考生的知识掌握程度，还可以帮助考生熟悉考试流程和节奏，提升实战能力。祝各位同学们都能成功上岸。

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