2026考研:英语一练习题阅读理解答案解析

2026考研:英语一练习题阅读理解答案解析已公布，考研真题在备考过程中具有不可替代的作用，同学们可以好好利用真题更加高效地进行复习备考。下面的信息分享给各位同学，期盼各位考生都能一战成硕。

2026考研:英语一练习题阅读理解答案解析

Text 1

Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?

Don’t dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care don’t appeal to robots. But many

middle-class occupations – trucking, financial advice, software engineering – have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.

This isn’t to be alarmist. Optimists point out that technological upheaval has benefited workers in the past. The Industrial Revolution didn’t go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed. Likewise, automation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers from hard, boring work. But in the medium term, middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.

The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education and job training. Curriculums – from grammar school to college – should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication. Vocational schools should do a better job of fostering problem-solving skills and helping students work alongside robots. Online education can supplement the traditional kind. It could make extra training and instruction affordable. Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going into debt.

The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fading business dynamism: Starting new companies must be made easier. In previous eras of drastic technological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up ways to combine labor and machines. The best uses of 3D printers and virtual reality haven’t been invented yet. The U.S. needs the new companies that will invent them.

Finally, because automation threatens to widen the gap between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought. Taxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should be expanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, reward companies for job creation, and reduce inequality.

Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few years, yet this will be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation. Destroying the machines that are coming for our jobs would be nuts. But policies to help workers adapt will be indispensable.

7. Who will be most threatened by automation?

A. Leading politicians.

B. Low-wage laborers.

C. Robot owners. D.Middle-class workers.

8. Which of the following best represents the author’s view?

A.Worries about automation are in fact groundless. B.Optimists’ opinions on new tech find little support. C.Issues arising from automation need to be tackled.

D.Negative consequences of new tech can be avoided.

9. Education in the age of automation should put more emphasis on A.creative potential.

B.job-hunting skills. C.individual needs. D.cooperative spirit.

10. The author suggests that tax policies be aimed at A.encouraging the development of automation. B.increasing the return on capital investment. C.easing the hostility between rich and poor.

D.preventing the income gap from widening. 25.In this text, the author presents a problem with

A. opposing views on it.

B. possible solutions to it.

C. its alarming impacts.

D. its major variations.

Text 1

17. 【答案解析】正确答案是D。这是一道具体细节题，题干问道“那些人受自动化威胁最大?”根据段落定位原则，第一题应该到第一段和第二段寻找答案，A 选项主要的政治领导人，而原文只是在一段提到了 presidential campaign，并未提到政治领导人受自动化影响;B 选项低收入劳动者，在二段说道 lower-income jobs don’t appeal to robots， 说明不会受到影响;C 选项机器人的所有者，在二段末句提到 the rich own the robots, so they will be fine. 可以看到他们也是不受影响的;故选择 D，可以从二段的 But 后找到根据。

18. 【答案解析】正确答案是 C。这是一道作者观点细节题，题干问道“下列哪项最能代表作者观点”根据上一题可知，这道题应该从第三段寻找答案，这种题一般到首句、末句或转折后寻找观点。首句就说到上面提到的威胁不是 alarmist 危言耸听的;末句提到中产阶级工人需要很多帮助来调整自己。根据这两部分可知选项 C 是正确的，A 选项说对自动化的担心是groundless 的和文意相反;B 选项说乐观主义者对新技术的支持几乎没有找到支持不符合本段第二句和第三句，与原文相反;D 选项新技术的负面影响可以避免与本段末句不符，既然需要中产阶级去适应，那就说明是不可避免的，也应排除。所以C 选项正确。

19. 【答案解析】正确答案是A。这是一道具体细节题，题干问到“自动化时代的教育应该重视什么”可定位到第四段，第一句就提到了应对这个时代的第一步就是 rethinking education and job training。具体方法在后面也给出来了，curriculums should focus more on creativity and complex communication，更重视创新和复杂的交际，故A 选项是正确的。

这道题的对应非常直接，其他几个选项几乎不构成干扰。

20. 【答案解析】正确答案是 D。这是一道观点细节题，问作者认为税收政策应该以什么为目标。根据题干关键词定位至第六段，六段首句说因为自动化预示着劳资双方的收入在扩大，所以，税收和安全保障也将必须重新考虑。接着第二句就在具体解释税收政策该如何改变，如应该免去低工资工人的税，个人所得税应该增加，最后一句话指出，这将提高收入，鼓励就业，激励那些创造就业的公司，减少不平等。由此可得知，关于税收政策的目标就是阻止收入差距扩大，故正确选项为 D。

21. 【答案解析】正确答案是B。纵观全文，作者在前两段提出了一个问题，即自动化将威胁到中产阶级工人的工作，第三段指出乐观主义者认为这也许对工人们是有利的，只不过中产阶级工人可能需要做出一定的改变。从第四段到第六段就是作者给出的一些解决办法，如教育上要改变，培养学生的创造性和实际技能，以及对于税收政策的调整等， 最后一段是概括总结，所以这是一篇提出问题，分析问题并解决问题的文章，作者提出了问题，并且给出了可能的解决措施。所以B 选项正确。

【全文翻译】

令中产阶级头痛的问题之一在下届总统竞选时很可能不会被提及：机器人时代的到来对他们的工作会产生怎样的影响?

别以为完全不可能。牛津大学一项研究显示，美国约半数职位面临被自动化取代的高风险，中产阶级将会遭受极其严重的排挤。园艺、日托等低收入工作不会受到机器人的青睐。 但许多中产阶级职业-货车运输、财务咨询、软件工程等-已经或不就便会引起机器人的兴趣。富人是机器人的拥有者，因此他们不会受到影响。

这并非耸人听闻。乐观主义者指出，技术变革过去让工人们受益。工业革命起初并不利于工作被机械化织布机取代的卢德分子，但最终它提高了他们的生活水平，创造的就业机会 比其毁掉的更多。同理，自动化最终也会推动生产力，拉低价格以刺激需求并把工人从繁重 枯燥的工作中解放出来。但在自动化发展的中期，中产阶级工作者可能需要大量帮助以调整 适应。

正如埃里克·布莱恩约弗森和安德鲁·麦卡菲在《第二次机械革命》一书中论述的那样， 第一步应当反思教育和职业培训。从中学到大学的课程应适时改进，减少很单纯的记忆，更注重创造力和复杂交流。职业学校应当在培养学生解决问题的能力、帮助学生适应与机器人协同工作等方面做得更好。在线教育能对传统教育进行补充，让人们可以负担起额外的培训和指导。试图掌握新技术的专业人员也无须为学习而负债。

应对自动化的挑战格外需要美国复苏其日益衰退的经济活力;创立新公司必须要有更宽 松的环境。早在激剧的技术变革时代，企业家们设想联合劳动力和机械的方法来实现平稳过 渡。3D 打印机和虚拟现实迄今尚未得到最佳应用。美国需要新兴公司来实现这一点。

最终，由于自动化极有可能拉大资本收益和劳动所得之间的差距，将不得不重新考虑

税务和安全保障体系。削减对低收入劳动的征税、扩大劳动所得税抵扣等工资补贴的覆盖面： 这将提高收入、激励工作、奖励提供就业机会的公司并减少不平等。

在未来几年，科技将在大大小小各方面促进社会进步，即便如此，发现自己的生活和工作被自动化颠覆的人仍不会感到安慰。摧毁正在取代人类工作的机器绝非明智之选。但帮 助工作者适应新变化的政策必不可少。

具体信息请考生关注院校官网等发布的官方消息。

以上就是2026考研:英语一练习题阅读理解答案解析，通过对真题的深入研究，考生可以发现自己在知识掌握上的薄弱环节和不足之处，从而有针对性地调整复习策略，弥补短板。大家还想了解更多有关考研的内容，可以在右侧小窗留言。

推荐阅读：

2010-2024年考研政治试题及答案

2015-2024年考研数学真题及答案