26考研:英语一考研阅读练习题答案解析分享

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26考研:英语一考研阅读练习题答案解析分享

Text 1

First two hours , now three hours — this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.

Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.

Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real—past airport security

nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.

Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.

There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. The TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.

It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.

The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.

21. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 is mentioned to

[A] explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.

[B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.

[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.

[D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection.

22. Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?

[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.

[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.

[C] An increase in the number of travellers.

[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.

23. The word “expedited” (Liner 4, Para. 5) is closet in meaning to

[A] quieter. [B] cheaper. [C] wider. [D] faster.

24. One problem with the PreCheck program is

[A] a dramatic reduction of its scale.

[B] its wrongly-directed implementation.

[C] the government’s reluctance to back it.

[D] an unreasonable price for enrollment.

25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A] Less Screening for More Safety [B] PreCheck – a Belated Solution

[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines [D] Underused PreCheck Lanes

Text 1 答案：21-25 ACDDC

1. 答案【A】explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.

解析：本题目为例证题，考察论点与论据。根据题干关键词 the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 定位到第二段第二句。例证题中的例子为论据，所要找的答案为论点，而论点在论据之前，因此该题目的答案是第二段的第一句话。二段首句说的是美国人愿意忍受长时间的安全检查。正确答案 A 的 American’s tolerance 是原文 Americans

are willing to tolerate 的原词复现，current security checks 是原文的 time-consuming security 的同义转化。干扰项 B 的 urgency to strengthen security worldwide，原文未提及 worldwide，属于扩大范围;选项 C 的 major U.S. major airports 属于具体信息的干扰;选项 D 的 privacy 隐私并未提及，是常识性干扰。

2. 答案【C】An increase in the number of travelers.

解析：本题目为原因细节题。根据题干中的 long waits at major airports 定位到原文第三段的第二句，原文的 resulted in 与题干中的 contributed to 是同义转化，所以定位内容就是提升的安全措施以及航空旅游的增加。正确答案 C 的 an increase in the number of travelers 是原文 a rise in airline travel 的同义替换。干扰项 A 的 carry-on bags 是在第四段的最后一句出现的，非定位句内容;选项 B 的 TSA efficiency 也出现在第四段;选项 D 的 unexpected secret checks 未提及。

3. 答案【D】faster.

解析：本题目为词义句意题，考察上下文逻辑关系。根据题干，定位到第 5 段第 3 句 ，“Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes”，结合下一句中的这样会 saving time for everyone involved，即可以节省时间的安检，与选项对应就是答案 D faster 更快。干扰项 A 更安静，选项 B 更便宜，选项C 更广泛，都无关，属于常识性干扰。

4. 答案【D】an unreasonable price for enrollment.

解析：本题目为具体细节题。根据题干关键词 problem with the PreCheck program 定位到倒数第二段的第二句话 this price tag has been the PreCheck’s fatal flaw.本句中的代词 this 代词指代本段第一句话，说的是 Passengers 必须每五年 pay 85 美元来做background checks。正确答案 D 中的 unreasonable price 是原文的 85 美元，enrollment就是原文的 process background checks。干扰项 A 其规模的极具下滑未提及，选项 C 其错误的执行属于过度推理，选项 C 政府不愿意支持是对原文的曲解。

5. 答案【C】Getting Stuck in Security Lines

解析：本题目为全文主旨题。全文的中心主题出现在第一段和二段首句的范围。第一段介绍事实背景，第二段首句提及了美国人对于安全检查方面的状况，并在下文提及了所出现的问题。正确答案 C 安检流程线陷入困境是对原文的总结概括。干扰项 A 的 Screening 是原文的具体细节，选项 B 和选项 D 的 PreCheck 是原文最后三段的内容。

【全文翻译】text1

一开始是两小时，现在是三小时，这是航空公司当局建议搭乘国内航班的乘客提前到达机场的时间，至少美国几大国内主要机场的安检队伍正变得越来越长。

美国人愿意忍受耗时的安检程序以换来更好的安全保障。埃及航空 804 号航班可能受到

恐怖分子袭击，于地中海失事，这一不幸事故再次证明了乘客为何愿意这样做。然而耗时过长的安检耗费了乘客大量的时间和精力，却未能提供安全保障作为回报，这些都降低了民众对于乘机安检的支持程度。也可以这么说，安检所耗费的大量时间不仅使得乘客大为生气， 也拖累了美国经济和私人生活。

去年，美国运输安全管理局(TSA)在一次秘密检查中发现，卧底探员几乎每次都可以顺利通过机场安检，走私武器，不管携带的武器是真是假。自从那时起，安全措施增强了，同 时由于经济的改善和燃油价格的降低使航空旅游的人数上涨，这些都导致了只要机场比如芝 加哥奥黑尔机场出现了长长的等待队伍。虽然还不清楚机场安检的效果增加了多少，但是安 检队伍很明显变长了。

问题的部分原因是政府没有预料到航空旅游人数的急剧增长，所以美国运输安全管理局正在抓紧增加更多的安检人员。其中一个因素是机场只有这么多的空间去容纳安检通道。另 外一个因素是很多游客想把行李尽量塞到随身行李包里面，以防止增加托运行李的费用，尽 管航空公司强烈阻止这么做。

这里有一个美国运输安全管理局(TSA)不需要重建机场或者突然增加雇员的方法:让预检项目覆盖更多的乘客。对于乘客和美国运输安全管理局来说，预检是双赢的，通过背景审查的游客有资格使用快速安检通道。这使得美国运输安全管理局可以专注于那些高危险游客， 这样节省了大家的时间。为此，美国运输安全管理局打算让 2500 万人加入预检项目。

实际人数远未达到这一目标，一个重要的原因就是价格高昂:乘客每五年需支付 85 美元来进行背景检查，从一开始这个价格标签就一直是预检项目的致命缺点。即将到来的改革可 能会使价格变得更加合理，但是国会应该考虑直接降低价格，即通过向预检注册提供经费或 者其他方式来削减成本。

在大部分旅客还在遭受不必要的安检排队之际，TSA 不能继续将资源投入到未被充分利用的预检通道，早就该让预检项目发挥作用了。

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