考研英语一阅读理解答案与解析

考研英语一阅读理解答案与解析已经公布啦，考研真题在备考过程中具有不可替代的作用，同学们可以好好利用真题更加高效地进行复习备考。下面的文章内容供各位考生参考，希望可以帮到大家。

考研英语一阅读理解答案与解析

Text 2

For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.

A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.

At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only Ukip sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.

The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.

The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them, under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town

shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?

Development should be planned, not let rip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.

21. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside

[A] is not well reflected in politics

[B] is fully backed by the royal family

[C] didn’t start till the Shakespearean age

[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS

22. According to paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being

[A] largely overshadowed

[B] properly protected

[C] effectively reinforced

[D] gradually destroyed

23. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 ?

[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development.

[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building.

[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.

[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.

24. The author holds that George Osbornes’s preference

[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area

[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis

[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure

[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas

25. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of

[A] the size of population in Britain

[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain

[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain

[D] the political life in today’s Britain

Text 2

26、【答案】A is not reflected in politics

【解析】事实细节题。根据题干"英国大众对于乡村的观点"，可定位于文章的第一段。 从文章第一段的后半段能得出：英国人民在民意调查中将"乡村"和王室、莎士比亚以及英国国民保健制度并列选为英国让他们最为自豪的四个方面，但是这种观点得到的政治支持却极为有限。A 选项"is not well reflected in politics"在政治中没有得到很好的体现是对原文意思的同义替换，故选 A。

27、【答案】D gradually destroyed

【解析】事实细节题。根据题干很明确能回文定位到文章第二段。该段通过第一句的"a century ago"和后面的"later"可知是在做古今对比。题干中问的是"now"，所以重点锁定在对比中的后半部分，而这部分中"They don't make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it."一句表明现在的 National Trust 已背离了它原始的初衷，它之前的那些成

就已经消失了。D 选项 gradually destroyed 正是对这一意思的表述，故选 D。28、【答案】C Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation

【解析】推理判断题。回文定位到第三段，该段主要讲了各大党派对于这个观点(及第 一段中提到的观点)的态度：基本都不赞同。最后一部分"only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pledging for a considered approach to using green land"该句说明只有Ukip 这个党派是赞同这个观点，要保护乡村的。C 选项正是对原文的同义置换，故选 C。

29、【答案】A shows his disregard for the character of the rural area

【解析】第五段第 6 句、7 句话指出：乡村得到了发展，并且将一直发展下去，边界及特点被尊重的乡村发展得最好;第 8 句、9 句批判奥斯本偏好“支持在乡村新建而不是在城市中翻新或改造，支持在城郊修建购物中心而非在城中建商业街”：没有破坏城市保护区，却破坏了乡村保护区。故选 A。

30、【答案】C the town-and-country planning Britain

【解析】本题属于观点态度题，根据最后一段第一句话可以确定本段的中心是第一句Development should be planned, not let trip, 说明发展是要有计划的，不能任其自由发展。然后再具体讲 Britain 经过半个世纪 the town-and-country planning 有计划的发展，取得了很好的成效。故选择 C the town-and-country planning Britain.

【全文翻译】

历史上首次出现居住在城镇的人口比居住在乡村的人口多这一现象，这在英国出现了一 个奇怪的结果。尽管民意调查显示，英国人认为乡村与皇宫、莎士比亚和国民医疗保障制度 一样，是他们最引以为豪的地方，但这种观点却得到有限的政治支持。

一个世纪前，奥克塔维亚·希尔创立了国家信托，旨在“为每个人永久保存自然美景”， 而非拯救时尚住宅。他专门为城镇居民提供一片可以呼吸“新鲜空气”的休闲场所，在希尔的呼吁下，后来就创造出了国家公园和绿化带。乡村的面积一直没有增加，而且每年的钢筋混凝土却吞噬掉越来越多的乡村，乡村需要持久的保护。

下届选举中，似乎没有一个大党派支持此观点。保守党的规划改革明确指出，乡村发展优先于乡村保护，他们甚至授权在当地居民可能反对的地方进行“计划外”建设。可持续发 展的概念已经被定义为是有利可图的，同样工党也想在地方议会反对开发的地方中止地区规 划。自由民主党则保持沉默，只有独立党意识到这是一个机会，支持那些呼吁就绿地使用问 题采取更深思熟虑的方法的人。独立党地保护英国乡村运动使许多地方保守党感到恐惧。

在基础设施健全的城镇，适合建造新房屋、工厂和办公室的地方就是有人们居住的地方。 伦敦地产代理公司Stirling Ackroyd 最近仅在伦敦地区就选定了足够建造 50 万座房屋的建筑用地，而且没有占用绿化带，伦敦能做到的外省更能做到。

房屋危机等同于在草地上浇筑混凝土，这种想法纯粹是游说集团的说辞。问题不是需要建造更多房屋，而一直是在哪里建造房屋。在游说团体的压力下，乔治·奥斯本偏向于乡村

新建而非城镇革新。他支持室外购物场所，而非商业街。这不是自由市场，而是一个有偏见 的市场。乡镇和村庄已经发展起来了，并将持续发展。那些建筑围绕它们而建并且不损害它 们特点的村镇发展得最好。我们没有破坏城市的保护区，又为什么要破坏乡村的保护区呢? 应当规划发展而非任意行事。英国世纪荷兰之后，欧洲最拥挤的国家。半个世纪的城乡

规划使得英国能够在实现城市居住低密度的同时，也能保持令人羡慕的乡村协调性。与葡萄 牙南部西班牙和爱尔兰被毁的地貌相比，选择何种发展答案显而易见，应当协调左右两派来 避免而非促进地貌被毁。

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