考研英语一阅读答案及解析:考研冲刺必备真题

下面是关于考研英语一阅读答案及解析:考研冲刺必备真题，真题可以帮助考生了解考试的具体题型，从而在复习过程中对不同题型进行有针对性的训练。下面的信息分享给各位同学，期盼各位考生都能一战成硕。

考研英语一阅读答案及解析:考研冲刺必备真题

Text 1

King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they die in their sleep.” But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?

The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.

It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’ continuing popularity as heads of state. And so, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to

avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.

Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today—embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.

The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.

While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.

It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service—as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.

21. According to the first two paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain

[A] used to enjoy high public support.

[B] was unpopular among European royals.

[C] eased his relationship with his rivals.

[D] ended his reign in embarrassment.

22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly

[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status.

[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality.

[C] to give voters more public figures to look up to.

[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment.

23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?

[A] Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth.

[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.

[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.

[D] The nobility’s adherence to their privileges.

24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles

[A] takes a tough line on political issues.

[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised.

[C] takes republicans as his potential allies.

[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role.

25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?

[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined

[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne

[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs

[D] Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats

Part A Text 1

【答案解析】

1. D 根据题干要求，定位到文章前两段。而文章第一段的第二句话提到“But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.”(在最近的欧洲选举中，令人尴尬的丑闻和受欢迎的共和党，均迫使 Carlos 收回前言并退位)。D 选项中， “stand down” 是“end reign” 的同义置换， 且“embarrassment”与导致 Carlos 卸任的原因“embarrassing scandals”是相呼应的。故 D 是正确答案。A、B、C 均属于无中生有。

22.A 根据题干关键词“monarchs”和“heads of state”，定位到第三段的最后一句话“...most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.”(大多数的王室幸存下来是由于他们让选民可以

避免去寻找一个不受争议且受尊敬的公众人物的困难)其中“non-controversial but respected public figure”正是 A 选项中“undoubted and respectable status”的同义置换。故 A 是正确答案。

23.B 定位在第四段的最后一句话“...it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.”(离奇的是，富有的贵族竟然仍是现代民主国家的象征核心)其中，the symbolic heart of modern democratic states 是题干 the role of the nobility in modern democracies 的同义置换。

24.D 该题考查：英国皇家贵族们非常害怕是因为查尔斯……。根据题干专有名词 Charles 可定位到文章第七段“the danger will come with Charles...worst enemies”。本段指出“危险源自于查尔斯，他生活奢靡，等级观念显著;并且他没有意识到君王的幸存很大程度上取决于君王提供了公共服务，同时，查尔斯并不知道，国王才是君主制度最大的敌人，而非共和党人。” 选项 A 意为：对待政治问题态度强硬，文章并无提及;选项 B 意为，对待建议的生活方式改变失败，文章中提到生活方式，但并未提到改变生活方式;选项 C 意为：视共和党人为潜在盟友，文章中提到，共和党人并非最大的敌人，并未指明把共和党人视为盟友，属于偷换概 念，选项 D 意为：适应未来身份失败，文章指出查尔斯的生活方式，世界观以及他对于君王制度的错误理解均为身份特殊的他的不正确言行，与选项 D 表述吻合，故为正确答案。

25.C 该题考察四个选项中哪个可作为文章最佳标题。文章从西班牙国王 Carlos 退位事件切入，主要讨论当下欧洲君王制度所存在的问题，并非讨论查尔斯的事件，即可排除选项 B“查尔斯—继位焦虑”和 D“查尔斯—应对威胁缓慢”，而选项 A“卡洛斯—荣辱并存” 和 C“卡洛斯—欧洲君王们的前车之鉴”中，选项 A 属于细节信息，不能概括文章大意，选项 C 可概括，故

为正确答案。另外，文章主题词 Monarch 只有在选项 C 中出现，也可作为迅速解题的依据。

【全文翻译】

西班牙国王 Juan Carlos 曾坚持认为“国王不会退位，国王只在睡梦中死去”。但令人尴尬的丑闻以及近来欧洲选举中左翼共和党的人气迫使他自食其言、退出王位。那么，此次西 班牙危机是否暗示了君主制已走向穷途末路?是否意味着所有欧洲王室，连同其华丽的皇室 制服和庄严的生活方式，都已厄运临头?

西班牙的情况为支持和反对君主制都提供了依据。当公众舆论两极分化严重时，正如

Franco 统治刚结束时那样，君主能够超越“纯粹”政治并“象征”国家统一精神。

正是这种明显的政治超越性解释了君主作为国家元首受到持续欢迎的原因。也正因此， 除中东之外，欧洲是世界上君主最泛滥的地区，有 10 个王国之多(不算梵蒂冈城和安道尔)。但不同于海湾地区以及亚洲地区的专制主义君主，大多数欧洲王室能够存留下来是因为他们能让选民避免费力地寻找一个无可争议而又备受尊敬的公众人物。

即便如此，国王女王们无疑有其不利一面。虽然他们声称自己象征着国家统一，但其历史本身——有时是他们如今的行为方式——代表了过时且不可捍卫的特权和不平等。在Thomas Piketty 及其他一些经济学家纷纷就“日益加剧的不平等”和“日益增强的世袭财权” 发出警告之时，富有的贵族世家竟然还是现代民主国家的核心象征，这非常怪异。

最受欢迎的王室家族都在努力摆脱或隐藏旧有贵族习气。王子公主从事日常有薪工作， 而且骑自行车而不是骑马(或者坐飞机)。即便如此，这些也是和全球 1%顶级富豪进行社交活动的富有世家，媒体的侵扰使他们越来越难保持正面的现象。

欧洲王室成员无疑足够聪明，能够继续在未来一段时间内存留，但正是英国王室成员应 从西班牙例子中感受到最大的恐慌。

只有女王以她极为普通(尽管考究)的老奶奶风格保持了英国王室的声望。危险将随Charles 而至,他不仅有奢侈的生活方式，而且有很强的等级世界观。他没能理解到王室家族能够存续的很大一部分原因在于他们提供了一种服务——作为无争议、非政治的国家元首。Charles 应该知道，正如英国历史所示，君主及王室成员最大的敌人恰恰是君主，而不是共和党人。

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