冲刺考研真题:英语一阅读真题答案及解析

以下就是我给大家带来的关于冲刺考研真题:英语一阅读真题答案及解析的内容，考研的真题有助于考生在复习时更加关注重点题型，提高复习效率。大家可以看看以下内容，期望能给同学们带来帮助。

冲刺考研真题:英语一阅读真题答案及解析

Text 3

The US$3-million Fundamental Physics Prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.

What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels, The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the

achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.

The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.

As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.

As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere, It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.

21. The Fundamental Physics Prize is seen as

[A] a symbol of the entrepreneurs’ wealth.

[B] a possible replacement of the Nobel Prizes.

[C] an example of bankers’ investments.

[D] a handsome reward for researchers.

22. The critics think that the new awards will most benefit

[A] the profit-oriented scientists.

[B] the founders of the new awards.

[C] the achievement-based system.

[D] peer-review-led research.

23. The discovery of the Higgs boson is a typical case which involves

[A] controversies over the recipients’ status.

[B] the joint effort of modern researchers.

[C] legitimate concerns over the new prizes.

[D] the demonstration of research findings.

24. According to Paragraph 4,which of the following is true of the Nobels?

[A] Their endurance has done justice to them.

[B] Their legitimacy has long been in dispute.

[C] They are the most representative honor.

[D] History has never cast doubt on them. 35.The author believes that the now awards are

[A] acceptable despite the criticism.

[B] harmful to the culture of research.

[C] subject to undesirable changes.

[D] unworthy of public attention.

Text 3

1. 答案：D。首句开门见山指出 300 万美元奖金的 Fundamental Physics Prize 是个有吸引力的尝试。第二、三句接着说明一系列类似的将近丰厚奖项已经加入诺贝尔奖队列当中。第四局进一步说明 FPP 奖金来源：拥有巨额资产的互联网大鳄。D 项中的 a handsome reward for researchers 是对原文 US

$ 3-million、lucrative awards for researchers 的同义表达。所以，选 D。

2. 答案：B。为细节题。根据题干中的 critics 定位到第三段，可知第二段没有出题，从第三段第二句可以得出本道题的正确选项，who have made their careers in research 即为 B 选项中的 The founders。

3. 答案：B。为细节题。本道题如果从题干中看更像是例证题，但题目中说道 the case involves 即 问例子本身，所以为一道细节题。我们在第四段第三句中找到了 Higgs boson，定位到本句可以得知the Nobel...collaborative nature of modern research---as will as demonstrated by……即为本道题正确答案。

4. 答案：A。为判断题。此类题型是考试中的一个难点，在题干中提示信息非常少，所以我们需要 根据每个选项分别定位。A 选项的 durance 定位到本段最后一句 time。B 选项根据 legitimacy 定位到第一句。C 选项没有提到。D 选项从最后一段可以验证确实是收到了质疑，B 选项和原文不符，可以得知答案为 A。

5. 答案：A。为主旨题。本题属于作者观点，全文的最后一句明确体现了作者的观点，即大方感恩地接纳此类奖项是明智之举 (It is wise to...)。故选 A。

【全文翻译】

正如亚历山大•波利亚科夫(Alexander Polyakov)今年 3 月领取本年度诺贝尔物理学奖时所说，300万美元的基础物理学奖确实是一个有趣的尝试。而且它远不是同类奖项中的唯一。正如《自然》杂志上的一篇专题文章所讨论的那样，近年来，一系列为研究人员设立的利润丰厚的奖项加入了诺贝尔奖的行列。许多奖项，比如基础物理学奖，都是由互联网企业家的巨额银行存款资助的。据说， 这些捐助者在他们选择的领域取得了成功，他们希望利用他们的财富吸引人们关注对那些在科学上取得成功的人士。

(既然如此，)有什么理由不喜欢的? 根据新闻特刊中引用的几位科学家的说法，不喜欢的理由

相当多。正如一句老话所说，你无法买到等级，而这些新贵企业家也无法买到诺贝尔奖的声望，科 学家们表示，新的奖项是对其背后的人的一种自我推销活动。

他们可能会扭曲以成就为基础的同行评审主导的研究体系。他们可能会使同行评审研究的状况止步 不前。他们不资助同行评审的研究。他们让孤独天才的神话长存。

授奖者的目标似乎和批评一样分散。一些人想要震惊，另一些人想吸引人们投身科学，或者更 好地奖励那些在研究中有所成就的人。

正如《自然》杂志之前所指出的，人们对科学奖项(包括新奖项和旧奖项)的分配方式存在一些合 理的担忧。今年设立的生命科学突破奖(Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences)对生命科学包括哪些内容提出了不具代表性的观点。

但是，诺贝尔基金会的限定——每个奖项获奖人数不超过三人——每个获奖者都必须健在——早就 因现代研究的合作性而不再适用了——正如在承认希格斯玻色子的发现时，所证明的那样，因为届 时必然会出现关于“哪位(科学家)遭到忽视”的争论。当然，诺贝尔奖是由一个非常富有的人设 立的，由他决定如何使用自己的钱做什么。不过，是时间，而不是意图，赋予了诺贝奖合法性(正 统地位)。

尽管一些科学家可能会对新的奖项有诸多抱怨，但有两件事似乎很清楚。首先，如果有人给大 多数研究人员颁发这样的奖项，他们会接受。其次，把资金和注意力放在科学上而不是其他地方， 这当然是一件好事。批评和质疑这种机制有其合理性——毕竟这是科学研究的文化就是如此——但 这是授奖者的钱，他们可以随心所欲地使用。带着感激和优雅接受这样的礼物是明智的。

具体信息请考生关注院校官网等发布的官方消息。

以上就是冲刺考研真题:英语一阅读真题答案及解析，在冲刺阶段，做几套真题试卷用于模拟测试，可以让各位同学提前预测到未来考场上试卷的模样，增强信心。在这里祝各位考生一战成硕。

推荐阅读：

26考研:26考研应该什么时候开始准备?

26考研:2026年考研的重要时间点有哪些