广东财经大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试真题：804英语写作与翻译

广东财经大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试卷

考试科目代码及名称：804-英语写作与翻译(自命题)

适用专业：050201 英语语言文学

Part I Writing (100分)

(1) Summary Writing (1题，共40分)

Write a summary based on the following text. Your summary must be in a continuous paragraph and contain 120—150 words.

The term “cyberspace”(网际空间) was coined by William Gibson, a science-fiction writer. He first used it in a short story in 1982, and expanded on it a couple of years later in a novel, “Neuromancer”, whose main character, Henry Dorsett Case, is a troubled computer hacker and drug addict. In the book Mr Gibson describes cyberspace as “a consensual hallucination experienced daily by billions of legitimate operators.”

His literary creation turned out to be remarkably prescient. Cyberspace has become a popular term, symbolic of the computing devices, networks, wireless links and other infrastructure that bring the internet to billions of people around the world. The myriad connections forged by these technologies have brought tremendous benefits to everyone who uses the web to tap into humanity’s collective store of knowledge every day.

But there is a darker side to this extraordinary invention. Data breaches are becoming ever bigger and more common. Last year over 800m records were lost, mainly through such attacks. Among the most prominent recent victims has been Target, whose chief executive, Gregg Steinhafel, stood down from his job in May, a few months after the giant American retailer revealed that online intruders had stolen millions of digital records about its customers, including credit- and debit-card details. Other well-known firms such as Adobe, a tech company, and eBay, an online marketplace, have also been hit. The potential damage, though, extends well beyond such commercial incursions. America’s president, Barack Obama, said in a White House press release earlier this year that cyber-threats “pose one of the gravest national-security dangers” the country is facing.

Securing cyberspace is hard because the architecture of the internet was designed to promote connectivity, not security. Its founders focused on getting it to work and did not worry much about threats because the network was affiliated with America’s military. As hackers turned up, layers of security, from antivirus programs to firewalls, were added to try to keep them at bay. Gartner, a research firm, reckons that last year organizations around the globe spent $67 billion on information security.

But the task is becoming harder. Cyber-security, which involves protecting both data and people, is facing multiple threats, notably cybercrime and online industrial espionage, both of which are growing rapidly. A recent estimate by the Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) puts the annual global cost of digital crime and intellectual-property theft at $445 billion—a sum roughly equivalent to the GDP of a smallish rich European country such as Austria.

There is, therefore, an urgent need to provide incentives to improve cyber-security, be they carrots or sticks. One idea is to encourage internet-service providers, or the companies that manage internet connections, to shoulder more responsibility for identifying and helping to clean up computers infected with malicious software. Another is to find ways to ensure that software developers produce code with fewer flaws in it so that hackers have fewer security holes to exploit.

An additional reason for getting tech companies to give a higher priority to security is that cyberspace is about to undergo another massive change. Over the next few years billions of new devices in our daily lives, from cars to household appliances and medical equipment, will be fitted with tiny computers that connect them to the web and make them more useful.

(2) Essay Writing (1题，60分)

There is a debate in the foreign studies circle over the disciplinary attribute of English major in recent years. Do you agree with those scholars who insist that English is merely a tool of communication, or do you agree with those who regard it more as a carrier of cultural values?

Write an essay of 400—600 words on your opinion of English as a foreign language.

Part II Translation(50分)

(1) English-Chinese Translation (25分)

The day passed, and the night following, and the next, and next; till, almost without their being aware, five days had slipped by in absolute seclusion, not a sight or sound of a human being disturbing their peacefulness, such as it was. The changes of the weather were their only events, the birds of the forest their only company. By tacit consent they hardly once spoke of any incident of the past subsequent to their wedding-day. The gloomy intervening time seemed to sink into chaos, over which the present and prior times closed as if it never had been. Whenever he suggested that they should leave their shelter, and go forwards towards Southampton or London, she showed a strange unwillingness to move.

“Why should we put an end to all that’s sweet and lovely!” she deprecated. “What must come will come.” And, looking through the gap of the curtains: “All is trouble outside there; inside here content.”

He peeped out also. It was quite true; within was affection, union, error forgiven: outside was the inexorable.

(2)Chinese-English Translation (25分)

制度创新激发了亿万人的创造力，也改变了亿万人的命运。今天的中国，需要开发活力的新源泉。活力来自多样性，多样性的碰撞产生智慧的火花，点燃创新发展的火炬。大众创业、万众创新不仅能释放民智民力，扩大内需和居民消费，增加社会财富，增进大众福祉。更重要的是，创新让所有人都有平等机会和舞台实现人生价值，推进社会纵向流动，实现社会公平正义。

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