桂林理工大学2021年630综合英语考研真题

专业课考研真题是考生备考专业课的重要资料之一，大家可以通过专业课真题来把握出题思路，了解目标高校的命题趋势，同时也能帮助自己找出薄弱知识点，今天小编为大家整理了桂林理工大学2021年考研真题：630综合英语考研真题，供大家参考。

桂林理工大学2021年硕士研究生入学考试试题A

考试科目代码：630

考试科目名称：综合英语

(总分150分，三小时答完)

---

考生注意：请将答题写在答卷纸上，写在试卷上视为无效。

 

Part I Structure and Expression (30分,每题1分)

Directions: In this section there are 30 sentences followed by four multiple choices. Choose one to complete the sentences. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.

As old proverb goes, the grass is always greener _____ the other side.

A. with       B. for        C. on      D. than          

Our success was attributed not so much to your help _____ to our cooperation.

A. but        B. as         C. as if     D. but also

Personality is to man      perfume is to a flower.

A. what   B. as   C. as if     D. like

In interpreting, words are _____ significant to be left out.

A. quite       B. very       C. so       D. too   

_____ all the efforts we’d made, we still failed to actualize our potentials.

A. For        B. With       C. On      D. Despite         

Nothing could _____ the torpidity of the indifferent audience.

A. compel     B. expel       C. dispel      D. excel

We must ____ a sense of duty in our children.  

A. distill      B. instill       C. still        D. standstill

____ physicists from all over the world came to the United States to celebrate the centennial of Einstein’s birth.

A. Imminent    B. Dominant    C. Preeminent    D. Eminent

       can have tremendous value if you accept the hard-won wisdom and move on with life and love.

A. Foresight     B. Insight      C. Hindsight     D. Eyesight

A slowdown in the economy caused us to ____ great losses.

A. incur        B. occur       C. concur     D. recur

Money still talks, but in more       ways.

A. imaginal     B. imaginable   C. imaginary   D. imaginative

Her membership of the club will _____ by the end of this month. 

A. collapse      B. elapse      C. laps      D. lapse

I hope the plan doesn’t       a second time owing to lack of funds.

A. fallen down    B. fallen through    C. fallen apart    D. fallen off

It’s not very wise for one to          the past failures.

A. dwell at     B. dwell down    C. dwell in     D. dwell on            

The young scholar _____ home what he wanted to convey to the audience in the lecture.

A. hampered    B. drove        C. sent        D. came

When a debate came to a _____, he could quote his authorities with a sureness which withstood reference to the books.

A. clinch       B. clench       C. quench      D. stench

The country’s economy is on the       of collapse.  

A. edge        B. verge        C. blink        D. threshold  

Hunger is the best       for food.

A. relish       B. favor        C. joy       D. delight

It was a        that produced extremely useful results.

A. cooperation     B. accordance    C. line     D. collaboration   

Home and family life has changed in important ways since the     of cellphone.

 A. adventure    B. advert      C. advent     D. advertise

Most vegetables we buy in winter are       in the greenhouse.

A. nurtured      B. nursed      C. fed       D. reared

He declared that he was not      for his wife’s debts.

A. timely        B. liable      C. simultaneous      D. subject

The new drug can _____ his pain to some degree but it does not cure his illness.

B. deteriorate     B. motivate     C. alleviate     D. activate

There are still large populations of the world who are _____ by famine and diseases.

A. suffered       B. injured      C. spoiled       D. afflicted  

The economic _____ for Europe is gloomy because of the global financial crisis.

A. outlook       B. outbreak      C. output       D. outcome

The two approaches are not conflicting but       .

A. supplementary    B. complementary     C. subsidiary      D. secondary

There are _____ reasons that make the other America an invisible land.

A. multitude   B. many    C. historical    D. perennial

The government tries to _____ between the workers and the employers during the strike.

A. mediate    B. meditate      C. reconcile     D. compromise

Such a questionable assertion is sure to      criticism.

A. inspire    B. irritate      C. provoke      D. advocate

Investiture is distinct from       .

A. honor      B. love         C. attribute      D. homage

 

Part II Figure of Speech (10分,每题1分)  

Directions: Identify the figure of speech in each of the following sentences. Choose the best answer in the box and write the corresponding letters of your answers on the Answer Sheet.

 

A. Metaphor	B. Simile	C. Oxymoron	D. Personification	E. Alliteration
F. Contrast	G. Euphemism	H. Metonymy	I. Transferred Epithet	J. Parallelism

 

1. Money makes the mare go.

2. She sat there with embarrassed delight.

3. An individual human existence should be like a river.

4. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.

5. The gentle breeze caressed my cheeks and soothed my anger.

6. His honor rooted in dishonor stood. And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true.

7. We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air.

8. Poetry is the scent of the rose, the lightening in the sky, the gleam of the fly, the sound of the sea.

9. A mother takes twenty years to make a man of her boy, and another woman makes a fool of him in twenty minutes.

10. He was both out of pocket and out of spirits by that catastrophe, failed in his health and prophesied the speedy ruin of the empire.

 

Part III Blank Filling (20分,每题1分)

Directions: Choose a proper word from the box to fill in each blank in the following passage. Each word can be used only once. Write the corresponding letters of your answers on the Answer Sheet.

Many Americans harbor a (1) distorted and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale, head of the department of food science and nutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, says (2) that if the dangers from bacterially (3) chicken were as great as some people believe, “the streets would be littered with people lying here and there.”

Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plant’s weight is made up of natural (4). He says, “Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical (5).” And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong (6) — substance which can cause cancer. Mushrooms might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food (7). “We’ve got far worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made”, declares Christina Stark, a nutritionist at Cornell University,

Yet the issues are not (8) simple. While Americans have no reason to be (9) to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water (10). They unconsciously and unwillingly take (11) too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people will (12) the small amount of (13) generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink.

To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to (14) its regulatory standards, (15) its inspection program and (16) its enforcement policies. The food industry should (17) some long-accepted practices or turn to less (18) alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food (19). The problems that need to be (20) exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.

 

Part IV Paraphrase (20分,每题2分)   

Directions: Explain the following sentences in your own words and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

1. He notes that speedy action can be embarrassing or extremely costly.

2. The news media seem to operate on the philosophy that all news is bad news.

3. When battling a recalcitrant problem, he worried it as an animal worries its prey.

4. The opinion does not survive experience of a popular Continental camping place.

5. The exact use of language gives us mastery over the material we are dealing with. 

6. So, for me, one of the keenest pleasures of appetite remains in the wanting, not the satisfaction.

7. For all the trouble procrastination may incur, delay can often inspire and revive a creative soul.

8. In unskilled or uncaring hands a handmade basket or boat can fall apart as quickly as basket or boats made by machines.

9. It attacks the best minds, and gradually destroys the critical faculties, making it impossible for the sufferer to detect gibberish in his own writing or in that of others.

10. The most disquieting thing about the scofflaw spirit is its extreme infectiousness. Only a terminally foolish society would sit still and allow it to spread indefinitely.

 

Part V Word Formation (10分,每题1分)

Directions: Write out the full form of the following words and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

1. ASEAN      2. APEC   3. CIIE         4. BRICS        5. WHO  

6. globesity     7. smog    8. agritainment   9. infonomics    10. exam

 

Part VI General Knowledge (10分,每题1分) 

Directions: Choose the best answer to each of the 10 multiple-choice questions. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.

1. Which of the following nicknames does not refer to the U.S.A.? ______.
A. Uncle Sam    B. Brother Jonathan    C. Yankee    D. John Bull

2. British recorded history begins with the _____ invasion.

A. Roman    B. Viking    C. Anglo-Saxon   D. Norman

3. The largest university in Canada is ____.
A. Laval University              B. The University of Toronto
C. McGill University             D. Simon Fraser University

4. ____ is the common factor of the three sounds: [p], [t], [k].
A. voiceless    B. spread    C. voiced    D. nasal

5. There are______ morphemes in the word “undesirables”.

A. twelve    B. six        C. five      D. four

6. Which of the following designed features of human language does this sentence “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet” refer to? ______.

A. Arbitrariness  B. Duality  C. Cultural transmission  D. Displacement

7. “To be or not to be, that is the question.” This quote is from Shakespeare’s ______.

A. Merchant of Venice       B. King Lear  C. Hamlet      D. Much Ado about Nothing

8. The Catcher in the Rye was written by ____.
A. J.D. Salinger  B. Jack London  C. Flannery O’Connor   D. Saul Bellow

9. Robinson Crusoe was written by ____
A. Henry Fielding    B. Jonathan Swift   C. Samuel Richardson   D. Daniel Defoe

10. Scarlet Letter is one of the greatest American novels. It was written by _______.

A. Nathaniel Hawthorne  B. Wallace Steven C. Francis Bacon D. Willa Cather

 

Part VII Proof Reading and Error Correction (10分,每题1分)

Directions: The following passage contains 10 errors. Each line contains a maximum of one error. In each case only one word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.

For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ ^ ” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.

 

Now, it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimately have political and economical causes: it is not due simply to the bad influence of this or that individual writers. But an effect can become a cause, reinforce the original cause and producing the same effect in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely. A man may take drink because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the most completely because he drinks. It is rather the same thing that is happening to the English language. It becomes ugly and inaccurate because our thoughts are foolish, but the sloven of our language makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. The point is that the process is irreversible. Modern English, especially written English, is full of bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be avoided if one is willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets rid of these habits one can think more clearly, and think clearly is a necessary first step towards political regeneration: so that the fight against bad English is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concerning of professional writers. I will come back to this present, and I hope that by that time the meaning of what I have said here will have become clearer.

1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______   4. _______ 5. _______   6. _______   7. _______     8. _______     9. _______ 10. _______

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Part VIII Reading Comprehension (40分,每题2分)

Directions: In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.

 

TEXT A

“There is one and only one social responsibility of business,” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist. “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies -- at least when they are prosecuted for corruption. 

The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect”, whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others. 

Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.

The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’ political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.

In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.

Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.

 

1. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with     .

A. tolerance   B. skepticism   C. uncertainty    D. approval

2. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by  .

A. winning trust from consumers     

B. guarding it against malpractices

C. protecting it from being defamed   

D. raising the quality of its products

3. The expression “more lenient” (line 2, Para.4) is closest in meaning to     .

A. more effective       B. less controversial   

C. less severe          D. more lasting

4. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record    .

A. has an impact on their decision        

B. comes across as reliable evidence

C. increases the chance of being penalized  

D. constitutes part of the investigation

5. Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?

A. Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.

B. The necessary amount of companies’ spending on it is unknown.

C. Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated.

D. It has brought much benefit to the banking industry.

TEXT B

France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.

Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death – as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.

The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to woman (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.

The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep -- and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.

The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.

In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states: “we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.” The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.

Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.

 

6. According to the first Paragraph, what would happen in France?

A. New runways would be constructed.  

B. Physical beauty would be redefined.

C. Websites about dieting would thrive.  

D. The fashion industry would decline.

7. The phrase “impinging on” (Line 2, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to    .

A. heightening the value of    

B. indicating the state of

C. losing faith in            

D. doing harm to

8. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?

A. New standards are being set in Denmark.  

B. The French measures have already failed.

C. Models are no longer under peer pressure.  

D. Its inherent problems are getting worse.

9. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for    .   

A. pursuing perfect physical conditions     

B. caring too much about models’ character

C. showing little concern for health factors  

D. setting a high age threshold for models

10. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?

A. A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals

B. A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France

C. Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty

D. The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry

TEXT C

There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010. 

Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper – printing presses, delivery trucks – isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining. 

Overhead may be high and circulation may be lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.

Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.” 

Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as a blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? “I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said. “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”

The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.” In other words, if you’re going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year – more than twice as much as a digital–only subscription.

“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.”

 

11. The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to    .

A. the high cost of operation      

B. the pressure from its investors

C. the complaints from its readers  

D. the increasing online ad sales

12. Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should      .

A. seek new sources of leadership   

B. end the print edition for good

C. aim for efficient management    

D. make strategic adjustments

13. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5 and 6 that a “legacy product”      .

A. helps restore the glory of former times  

B. is meant for the most loyal customers

C. will have the cost of printing reduced   

D. expands the popularity of the paper

14. Peretti believes that, in a changing world     .

A. legacy businesses are becoming outdated  

B. cautiousness facilitates problem-solving

C. aggressiveness better meets challenges    

D. traditional luxuries can stay unaffected

15. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?

A. Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once   

B. Cherish the Newspapers Still in Your Hand

C. Make Your print Newspapers a Luxury Good

D. Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion

TEXT D

For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.

A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship. 

At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.

The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.

The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas in this way. Why ruin rural ones? 

Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative -- the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.

 

16. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside       .

A. didn’t start till the Shakespearean age  

B. has brought much benefit to the NHS

C. is fully backed by the royal family    

D. is not well reflected in politics

17. According to paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being     .

A. gradually destroyed      

B. effectively reinforced

C. largely overshadowed     

D. properly protected

18. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3?

A. Labour is under attack for opposing development.

B. The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building.

C. The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.

D. Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.

19. The author holds that George Osborne’s preference    . 

A. highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure

B. shows his disregard for the character of rural areas

C. stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis

D. reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas

20. In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of     .

A. the size of population in Britain       

B. the political life in today’s Britain

C. the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain   

D. the town-and-country planning in Britain

 

以上就是为大家整理的桂林理工大学2021年的考研真题，大家在备考时要注意合理利用专业课真题，不能死记硬背题目答案，大家可以关注启航教育考研真题栏目，获取更多有效备考资料。