考研英语单词解析：extinguish

考研英语高频词解析：extinguish，背单词千万不要只记中文意思，一定要结合真题例句去理解它的语境。记住它的搭配比干巴巴地背释义有用得多。以下是详细介绍。

考研英语单词解析：extinguish

单词：extinguish

音标：[ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ]

释义：vt.熄灭；消灭；结束；压制；使黯然失色；偿清

考频：★★★★

记法：

采用词根拆分记忆：前缀ex-表“除去、向外”，词根stingu（变体tingu）表“刺、熄灭”，后缀-ish是常见动词后缀，组合起来就是把火苗彻底清除出去→核心义“熄灭”，后续引申出消灭、压制、偿清等多层含义，还可关联同根考研词distinct（清晰的、不同的）一同记忆，提升记忆效率。

派生词：

extinguisher (名词，释义：灭火器；熄灭者)

extinguished (形容词，释义：熄灭的；灭绝的；不复存在的)

extinguishable (形容词，释义：可熄灭的；可消灭的)

extinguishment (名词，释义：熄灭；消灭；偿清)

搭配：

extinguish a fire 扑灭火灾

extinguish hope 使希望破灭

extinguish a debt 偿清债务

extinguish enthusiasm 打消热情

考研真题例句：

When people in developing countries worried that they were poor, they could see their future bettered by access to markets, and their hopes were never extinguished.

当发展中国家的民众为贫穷发愁时，他们可以通过进入市场来改善未来，他们的希望从未破灭。

If we fail to take effective measures to protect endangered species, a large number of unique wildlife will be extinguished forever in the next few decades.

如果我们不能采取有效措施保护濒危物种，大量独特的野生动物将在未来几十年内永远灭绝。

The government had to issue a series of strict policies to extinguish the spread of false information on social media.

政府不得不出台一系列严格政策，压制社交媒体上虚假信息的传播。

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