考研英语二阅读答案及解析:26考研考生必备

现在给大家分享考研英语二阅读答案及解析:26考研考生必备，考研的真题有助于考生在复习时更加关注重点题型，提高复习效率。下面的文章大家可以仔细阅读，希望能给各位考生带来帮助。

考研英语二阅读答案及解析:26考研考生必备

Text 2

Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls’ lives. It is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls’ identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, I despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls’ lives and interests.

Girls’ attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What’s more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolized femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy, that pink

fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.

I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children’s behaviour: wrong. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularized as a marketing trick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s.

Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a “third stepping stone” between infant wear and older kids’ clothes. It was only after “toddler” became a common shoppers’ term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences—or invent them where they did not previously exist.

5. By saying “it is… the rainbow” ( Para.1), the author means pink .

[A] cannot explain girls’ lack of imagination

[B] should not be associated with girls’ innocence

[C] should not be the sole representation of girlhood

[D] cannot influence girls’ lives and interests

6. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?

[A] Colours are encoded in girls’ DNA.

[B] Blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls.

[C] White is preferred by babies.

[D] Pink used to be a neutral colour in symbolising genders.

7. The author suggests that our perception of children’s psychological development was much influenced by .

[A] the observation of children’s nature

[B] the marketing of products for children

[C] researches into children’s behavior [D]studies of childhood consumption

8. We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised to .

[A] classify consumers into smaller groups

[B] attach equal importance to different genders

[C] focus on infant wear and older kids’ clothes

[D] create some common shoppers’ terms

9. It can be concluded that girls’ attraction to pink seems to be .

[A] fully understood by clothing manufacturers

[B] clearly explained by their inborn tendency

[C] mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen

[D] well interpreted by psychological experts

Text 2

1. 【答案】C

【解析】题干的意思是“通过说‘粉色是彩虹中多么微小的一小部分’，作者的意思是 。根据文章第一段第三行，but 作为连词表示后面的内容是对前面内容的否定，but 之前的意思是说“粉色本身并不是不好”，而后买面的“such a tiny slice of”是指“是彩虹中多么微小的一部分”，由此可以得出，粉色并不代表女孩童年生活的全部。所以，选 C。

2. 【答案】B

【解析】根据题干定位到文章第二段，介绍了人们最初对服装颜色的看法，首先指出，因为 粉色属于淡红色，而红色被认为是力量的象征，因此粉色最初被认为是偏男性化的颜色。紧 接着指出，因为蓝色与圣母玛利亚的紧密关系，它代表这坚定和忠贞，因此是女性气质的象 征，即蓝色曾被认为是代表女孩的颜色。

3. 【答案】B

【解析】题干“作者认为我们对于儿童心理发展的看法，多受 的影响。”从原文第三段的首句“我之前没有意识到，我们对孩子们所固有特性的认知深受市场趋势的支配，包括我们对他们心理发展的核心看法”，这一句可以明显看出相关儿童市场及其产品在左右人们对二年同心理发展的看法上所起的重要作用。

4. 【答案】A

【解析】题干“从第 4 段我们可以看出，给出商店的建议是___” 第 4 段第 1 句话讲的是“为了增加销路，厂家应该开创在婴儿衣服和稍大一些的孩子衣服之前的一些商机”，以增加销售额，接着又指出，将儿童或成人按照年龄进行更细致的分类是盈利的好方法，综上将消费 者划分为更小的群体。

5. 【答案】C

【解析】题干“我们能推断出，女孩们对粉色的着迷看起来是___”文章最后两段都在探讨 市场和厂家对人们看法和观念的诱导，因此 C 选项正合题意。

【全文翻译】

红粉佳人：成年女性不会记得自己曾对粉色那么痴迷，然而在年轻女性的生活中，这个颜色无处不在，但不是说粉色本身有什么不好，但他只是五颜六色中的一抹。而且尽管从某一方面而言，粉色可能颂扬少女的特质。并且他反复而牢固地将女性的特征融于其外形上。 这样，粉色可以呈现出女孩儿甚至两岁小孩儿之间的共性：纯真。而且粉色自身也成为纯真的证明。环视四周，我对女孩儿在生活及兴趣上极度缺乏想象力而感到绝望。

女孩儿喜欢粉色似乎是不可避免的事，这种喜欢以某种方式植入他们的 DNA 中，但在美国研究学副教授乔保莱蒂，情况并非如此，直到 20 世纪初期，儿童才被标上颜色编码： 在家用洗衣机问世之前，实际情况是，婴儿穿的衣服都是白色衣服，因为清洗衣服的唯一方式是用沸水煮。此外，男孩儿和女孩儿都穿着人家认为的中性服饰。最初推行育儿颜色时， 因为粉色属于淡红色，而红色又被认为是力量的象征，因此粉色实际上被认为是偏男性化的角色。蓝色因为暗指圣母玛莉亚，意味着坚定和忠贞，因此是女性气质的象征。

直到 20 世纪 80 年代中期，当夸大年龄和性别差异成为儿童市场主要的营销策略时，粉色才盛行起来，开始对女孩产生一种看似固有的吸引力，这让粉色成为定义女性特征的一个 元素，至少在最初关键性的几年里是这样的。

我以前并没有意识到，营销潮流在我们对孩子天性的看法，包括对孩子心理发育核心观 点方面有如此深刻的影响，已学步儿童为例，我曾以为这个年龄段是专家对孩子的行为进行

数年研究之后才划划分出来的，可事实并不是这样的，儿童消费学方面的史学家丹尼尔库克 认为有顾客认为这一年龄段也是作为 20 世纪 30 年代服装厂商的一种营销策略而普及起来的。

商业出版物建议百货商场，应该在婴儿装和大龄儿童装之间创造第三个过渡阶段，以提 高营业额。只有在学步儿童这一名词被消费者普遍接受后，他才会演变成一个被人们普遍承 认的成长阶段。将儿童或者成人进行更细致的分类无疑是增加利润的有力办法，分割市场最 容易的途径是放大性别差异，或者是制造出之前并不存在的差异。

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