考研英语每日长难句分析 2018.10.11

· 长难句 ·

Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world. During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.

· 词的处理 ·

methodology / ˌmeθəˈdɔlədʒi/ n. 方法，原则adapt ... to… 调整……以适应……discipline / ˈdisəplin / n. 纪律;学科govern 支配，统治primacy / ˈpraiməsi / n. 首要source / sɔ:/ 来源;原始资料imperative / imˈperətiv / adj. 必要的 n. 必要的事transfer / ˈtrænsfə:(r) / n. 转移，转变augment / ɔ:ɡˈment / vt. 增加，提高，扩大additional / əˈdiʃənl / adj. 额外的，附加的interpret / inˈtə:prit / vt. 诠释，理解

· 句子翻译分析 ·

Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world. During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.社会科学研究的方法论必须进行改变以适应这样一个学科，主导该学科的首先是历史资料，而不是当代社会的需要。在这种转变中，历史学家研究历史时，那些解释新史料的新方法充实了传统的历史研究方法。

1.首句主干为被动句，即：Social science methodologies /had to be adapted /to a discipline; 一般被动句，可译为主动和，即：社会科学研究的方法论必须进行改变以适应……一个学科;

2. governed by the primacy of historical sources 为a discipline 的后置定语;rather than 表“而不是”。

3. during this transfer 为时间状语;二句句子主干为被动句：traditional historical methods/ were augmented /by additional methodologies;英文被动转译为汉语主动，即：新方法充实了传统的历史研究方法。

4. designed to interpret the new forms of evidence后置定语，修饰additional methodologies; 译为：in the historical study 介词短语修饰 the new forms of evidence。【翻译技巧】翻译中，“切记逐字翻译”，当你译出的文字不是人话时，要么根据语境调整，要么砍掉，因为你要翻译的不是这一个单词或表达，而是整个句子的意思。

例如：1. additional methodologies 不能译为“额外的方法”，应为“新方法”。

2. designed to interpret the new forms of evidence, 不能译为“被设计来解释新形式的”应为“设计用于解释新史料的……”