2020考研英语:长难句分析词句整合

考研英语是非常重要的一门功课，因此对于很多考研的同学来说，英语复习也需要花很大的功夫。考研英语部分包含长难句分析翻译等，因此关于词句的整合也是大家复习练习的重点。

长难句、长难句，顾名思义，这种句子一定又长又难，偏偏各位考研er还不能忽视它，必须攻克它。为了帮助大家更好的攻克考研英语长难句，今天要跟大家分享的就是考研英语词句整合，手把手的教你分析长难句。

Such behaviour is regarded as 'all too human', with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.

这个句子选自考研英语阅读真题2005年的第一篇，选自 The Economist,原文题目为《Fair and Square》，文章主旨：社会情感因素，因公平意识而产生的委屈或不满的情绪在卷尾猴身上表现得淋漓尽致，说明动物也和人类一样拥有相似的情绪。

大家在初步看完这个句子后应该从以下几个方向入手：

第一，划分句式结构：

Such behaviour is regarded as 'all too human', with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.

[1] 句子主干：Such behaviour is regarded as“all too human,” with the underlying assumption

[2] assumption的同位语成分：that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.

句子的主语为Such behaviour，谓语部分为 is regarded as，宾语部分为“all too human”， 修饰部分为with the underlying assumption;第二个句子为assumption的同位语部分;

第二，了解句子大概意思：

[1]这样的行为被看作是'人之常情'，它潜在的假定是...

[2]其他动物不可能有这种高度发达的不满意识;

这种行为被称之为“人之常情”，言下之意就是其他的动物不会拥有这种已经进化得非常完美的不满感。

(1)Everybody loves a fat pay rise. (2) Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. (3) Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged.

这三个句子选自考研英语阅读真题2005年的第一篇，选自 The Economist,原文题目为《Fair and Square》，文章主旨：社会情感因素，因公平意识而产生的委屈或不满的情绪在卷尾猴身上表现得淋漓尽致，说明动物也和人类一样拥有相似的情绪。

大家在初步看完这个句子后应该从以下几个方向入手：

第一，划分句式结构：

(1)Everybody loves a fat pay rise. (2) Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. (3) Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged.

[1]Everybody loves a fat pay rise. 【主谓宾】

[2]Yet pleasure at your own can vanish【句子主干】 /if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one【if引导的条件状语从句】.

[3] Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking【if引导的条件状语从句】, you might even be outraged【句子主干】.

第二，了解句子大概意思：

[1]人人都喜欢丰厚的加薪。

[2]但是当你得知一位同事薪水加得比你还要多的时候，那么加薪带给你的喜悦就消失得无影无踪了。

[3]事实上，如果他还有懒散的坏名声的话，你甚至变得义愤填膺。

The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of ‘goods and services’ than males.

这三个句子选自考研英语阅读真题2005年的第一篇，选自 The Economist,原文题目为《Fair and Square》，文章主旨：社会情感因素，因公平意识而产生的委屈或不满的情绪在卷尾猴身上表现得淋漓尽致，说明动物也和人类一样拥有相似的情绪。

大家在初步看完这个句子后应该从以下几个方向入手：

第一，划分句式结构：

[1] The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys.【主谓宾句式】

[2] They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily.【这是两个小句，是简单的主系表结构和主谓宾结构】

[3] ? Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of ‘goods and services’ than males.

第二，了解句子大概意思：

[1]研究人员研究的是棕色母卷尾猴的行为。

[2]它们看起来很可爱，很友好而且愿意合作，慢悠悠地分享食品。

[3]最重要的是，与公猴相比较，它们像人类女性一样，更倾向于关注“商品和服务”的价值。

In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.

这三个句子选自考研英语阅读真题2005年的第一篇，选自 The Economist,原文题目为《Fair and Square》，文章主旨：社会情感因素，因公平意识而产生的委屈或不满的情绪在卷尾猴身上表现得淋漓尽致，说明动物也和人类一样拥有相似的情绪。

大家在初步看完这个句子后应该从以下几个方向入手：

第一，划分句式结构：

[1] In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). 【主系表】 ;

[2] So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. 【when引导的时间状语从句】;

[3] And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. 【if引导的条件状语从句，同时句子中还包含着either...or...or...的结构】;

第二，了解句子大概意思：

[1] 在卷尾猴看来，葡萄是奢侈品，比黄瓜更受欢迎。

[2] 因此，当一只猴子用石块换了一颗葡萄，另外一只就不愿意用它的石块去换一片黄瓜。

[3] 而且，如果有一只猴子不交石块就得到了葡萄，那么，另一只猴子就会将石块抛向研究人员或抛出笼子，或者拒绝接受黄瓜。

Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

这三个句子选自考研英语阅读真题2005年的第一篇，选自 The Economist,原文题目为《Fair and Square》，文章主旨：社会情感因素，因公平意识而产生的委屈或不满的情绪在卷尾猴身上表现得淋漓尽致，说明动物也和人类一样拥有相似的情绪。

大家在初步看完这个句子后应该从以下几个方向入手：

第一，划分句式结构：

[1] 　Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. 【动名词短语作主语;宾语及宾补部分比较容易区分：make n. +adj.】 ;

[2] However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.【whether ...or..结构连结了两个小句作为主语从句，真正的谓语部分为is ;as yet 作为修饰成分】;

第二，了解句子大概意思：

[1] 拒绝接受较少的酬劳可以让这些情绪清楚地传达给这个群体的其他成员。

[2] 然而，到底这样的公平意识是人类和卷尾猴各自形成的，还是因为二者在3,500万年前有一个共同的祖先造成的，目前还没有答案。

Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way?

上面的句子选自考研英语阅读真题2005年的第二篇，选自 U.S. News and Report,原文题目为Warming to the Task，文章走势：发现问题-分析问题-解决问题。文章先讲了吸烟而没有人干涉，是因为缺乏足够的科学证据说明吸烟有害，然后用类比的方式引出各国政府袖手旁观温室效应，也是基于同样的原因。

大家在初步看完这个句子后应该从以下几个方向入手：

第一，划分句式结构：

其实这几个句子是密切联系的，句子中出现的the doubters(怀疑者)不相信科学家做出的关于吸烟危害的论断，所以怀疑者就是吸烟的支持者;insisted是表示观点的词汇，此后几个that句子都是和insisted内容相关，在句式上用三个that和三个问号表示出三个观点。

第二，了解句子大概意思：

[1]还记得科学家们认为吸烟会致人死亡，而那些怀疑者们却坚持认为我们无法对此得出定论的时候吗?

[2]还记得怀疑者们坚持认为证据不够确凿，科学也不确定的时候吗?还记得怀疑者们坚持认为反对吸烟的游说是为了毁掉我们的生活方式，而政府对于吸烟这件事应该置身事外的时候吗?