2015考研英语阅读理解精读P16—医学

Passage 16

I had two routine checkups last week, and both the eye doctor and the dentist asked me to update my health history for their records. Their requests made sense. Health-care providers should know what problems their patients have had and what medications they're taking to be on the lookout for potential trouble or complications.

On each history, however, the section labeled FAMILY HEALTH HISTORY gave me pause. Few diseases are purely genetic, but plenty have genetic components. If my father suffered from elevated LDL, or bad cholesterol, my doctor should know that, because I'm probably at higher risk. If my mother had breast cancer, my sister (if I had one) would want her physician to be especially vigilant.

While I know something about the history of my parents' health-my father had prostate cancer at a relatively young age and suffered from macular degeneration and Parkinson's disease, and my mother died of lung cancer-there's plenty I don't know. What were my parents' cholesterol numbers and blood pressures? I assume I would have known if either suffered from diabetes, but I can't swear to that. And when it comes to my grandparents, whose genes I also have, I'm even more in the dark.

That makes me fairly typical. According to Dr. Richard Carmona, the U.S. Surgeon General, only about a third of Americans have even tried to put together a family-health history. That's why he has launched the Family History Initiative and declared Thanksgiving National Family History Day. Sitting around the turkey talking about cancer and heart disease may seem like a grim thing to do when you're supposed to be giving thanks for everything that's going right. But since many families will be gathering for the holiday anyway, it's a perfect time to create a medical family tree.

And the Surgeon General is making it easy: if you go to hhs.gov/familyhistory, you can use the Frequently Asked Questions link to find out which diseases tend to run in families, which ones you should be most and least worried about, and what to do if, like me, your parents and grandparents have passed away. You can also download a free piece of software called My Family Health Portrait, which helps you organize the information. The program prints that out in a easy-to-read form you can give to your doctors.

The website insists the software is "fun", but that may be going a bit far. In any case, it's available only for Windows machines, so Mac users and people without computers have to use a printed version of the tree. It's worth it, though, since it could help save your life or the life of your children someday.

注(1)：本文选自Time; 11/22/2004, p100;

注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象为2005年真题Text 1;

1. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by

[A] posing a contrast.

[B] justifying an assumption.

[C] explaining a phenomenon.

[D] making a comparison.

2. The statement "I assume I would have known if either suffered from diabetes, but I can't swear to that." (Line 4, Paragraph 3) implies that

[A] only one of them suffered from diabetes.

[B] neither of them suffered from diabetes.

[C] both of them suffered from diabetes.

[D] it's uncertain whether they suffered from diabetes or not.

3. Family health report is very important because

[A] you can be careful about some disease and keep fit.

[B] you are connected with your parents and your grandparents.

[C] many diseases are genetic and should be noticed.

[D] you should be considerate and care about your parents.

4. Dr. Richard Carmona suggests that

[A] you should present your doctor with a medical history.

[B] you should print out your family's medical history.

[C] you should gather your family's medical history.

[D] you should give thanks for everything that is going right.

5. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

[A] The software is fun enough.

[B] Family medical tree shouldn't be neglected.

[C] The software is not available anywhere.

[D] It is worthwhile to draw a family tree.

答案：C B A C B

篇章剖析

本文采用提出问题--分析问题--解决问题的模式，指出建立家庭医疗健康记录的重要性和必要性。第一段指出通常要求就医的人提供最新的健康记录;第二段指出了解家庭健康史的重要性;第三段指出作者在这方面的欠缺;第四段指出美国公共卫生部部长倡议收集家庭医疗信息的初衷;第五段指出一些简单易行的办法;第六段指出这一做法的意义。